• Botanical name of tomato: lycopersicon esculentum/ solanum lycopersicum
• Family of tomato: solanaceae
• Chromosome number of tomato: 2n=24
• Inflorescence of tomato: racemose cyme
• Fruit type of tomato: berry
• Tomato is a climacteric fruit and C3 plant.
• Tomato is considered as a protected food in the world.
• Tomato is Known as poor man’s orange in India, love of apple, wolf apple, vilayati baigan.
• Tomato flower cluster is known as truss.
• Tomato has different type of pigments-
1. Lycopene in red coloured tomato,
2. Carotenoids in yellow coloured tomato,
3. Prolycopene is present in tangerine coloured tomato.
• Citric acid present in tomato.
• Stalking is a important practice of indeterminate type of tomato.
• Tomato is a self pollinated crop due to hermaphrodite flowers.
• Tomato is a day neutral warm season crop, which cannot tolerate frost.
• Optimum temperature for tomato is 21-28oC during day and 15-20oC during night.
• For tomato Night temperature is more critical than day temperature.
• Optimum temperature for colour development of fruit is 21-24oC.
• Development of colouring pigment, lycopene will be hampered above 27oC.
• Seed germination and pollen germination are adversely effected below 10oC.
• For tomato cultivation Soil pH range 5.5-7.0
• Seed rate of tomato= 400-500 g / ha, for hybrid: 100-150g/ha.
• Tomato seed sowing depth 4-5 cm.
• Tomato storage temperature of 13 C with 90-95% relative humidity is recommended for slow ripening.
• Origin of chilli: maxico
• Botanical name of chilli: capsicum annum
• Family of chilli solanaceae
• Chromosome number of chilli: 2n=24
• Fruit type of chilli: berry
• Pollination type in chilli: self pollinated
• Red colour in chilli is due to capcyanthin
• Pungency in chilli is due to capsaicin/capsicutin.
• Flower opening in chilli at 5 am.
• Green to dry chilli ratio 10:1
• Capsicum annum and capsicum fruitescence have white flower.
• Capsicum pubescence has purple flowers.
• Sun drying for 3-10 days to get moisture 80 to 10%.
• Origin of brinjal: India
• Botanical name of brinjal: solanum melongena
• Family of brinjal: solanaceae
• Chromosome number of brinjal: 2n=24
• Inflorescence of brinjal: cyme
• Edible part of brinjal: fruit
• Pollination of brinjal: self pollination
• brinjal known as Egg plant and aubergine.
• White brinjal is beneficial for diabeties patient.
• In brinjal purple pigmentation which is due to anthocyanin
• In brinjal Opening of flower and dehiscence of anthers at 6-7.30 am during summer and is delayed up to 11 am during winter.
• Brinjal is warm season day neutral plant and is susceptible to severe frost.
• Temperature range of 21-27˚C is ideal for its production.
• The growth of the crop is severely affected when temperature falls below 17˚C
• Brinjal is a hardy crop and is cultivated under a wide range of soils.
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